What It Is
FIP is a serious, often fatal disease caused by a mutation of the feline coronavirus (not the one you caught in 2020). Most cats who encounter the standard form of the virus have mild digestive symptoms, or none at all. But when the virus mutates inside the cat’s body, it turns into something far more dangerous: FIP.
There are two main forms:
- Wet (effusive): Causes fluid buildup in the chest or belly.
- Dry (non-effusive): Affects organs like the brain, eyes, or liver. Less obvious, but just as serious.
🐾 Common Symptoms
- Fever that doesn’t respond to antibiotics
- Swollen belly (fluid accumulation)
- Trouble breathing
- Poor appetite
- Lethargy and weakness
- Weight loss
- Neurological signs (wobbling, seizures, behavior changes)
- Eye inflammation or cloudiness
🦠 Causes
FIP is caused by a mutation of the feline coronavirus (FCoV), which is common in multi-cat environments. Most cats infected with FCoV never show serious symptoms, but in a small percentage, the virus mutates and triggers FIP.
Young cats, shelter cats, and those with weak immune systems are at higher risk.
🔍 Diagnosis
There’s no single, definitive test for FIP. Your vet may use a combination of:
- Bloodwork (often shows high globulins, low albumin)
- Imaging (ultrasound or X-rays)
- Fluid analysis (if present)
- PCR testing of tissues or fluids
- Clinical signs and ruling out other conditions
💊 Treatment
The big news? FIP is no longer always fatal.
- GS-441524 (an antiviral drug related to Remdesivir) has helped many cats survive and thrive, but it’s not yet officially approved in many countries. Still, vets may offer it under compassionate use.
- Supportive care (appetite stimulants, fluids, pain management) is also vital.
- Treatment typically lasts 12 weeks and requires close monitoring.
🩺 Prognosis
Without treatment, FIP is almost always fatal within weeks.
With antiviral treatment, success rates are climbing dramatically. Some studies show survival rates over 80%, especially when treated early.
💡 Cat Owner Note
FIP used to be a heartbreaking diagnosis. Now, it’s a race against time, but with a chance. If you suspect it, talk to your vet right away. Ask about GS-441524 or other emerging treatments. You may have more hope than you think.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions About FIP in Cats
Can FIP be cured?
Yes, in many cases. New antiviral treatments like GS-441524 have shown strong success, especially when started early. Some cats go on to live normal, healthy lives.
Is FIP contagious?
FIP itself is not contagious, but the feline coronavirus (FCoV) is. Since FCoV can mutate into FIP, minimizing exposure in multi-cat households is wise, especially for kittens or immunocompromised cats.
How long do cats live with FIP?
Without treatment, most cats live only days to weeks after symptoms appear. With treatment, many cats recover fully and live normal lifespans.
What’s the difference between wet and dry FIP?
- Wet FIP causes fluid buildup in the abdomen or chest, making it easier to diagnose.
- Dry FIP affects organs and can be harder to detect. Both are serious, but wet FIP tends to progress faster.
How much does FIP treatment cost?
Prices vary widely depending on your location and the source of medication, but a full course can range from $1,500 to $5,000 or more. Crowdfunding and nonprofit support may be available.
Can adult cats get FIP?
Yes, but FIP is most common in cats under two years old. Older cats are less likely to develop it, but it’s still possible.
Is GS-441524 legal in the U.S.?
It’s not FDA-approved yet, but some vets offer it under compassionate use or work with compounding pharmacies. There’s growing support for its legal availability.