What It Is
Buprenorphine is a potent opioid pain reliever commonly prescribed for cats. It’s used to manage moderate to severe pain, especially after surgery, dental work, injury, or in cases of chronic conditions like arthritis or cancer.
Unlike many opioids, buprenorphine is relatively safe for feline use, well-tolerated, and comes in formulations that are easy for owners to administer at home. The most common delivery method? Under the tongue or inside the cheek (transmucosal). Not swallowed.
🐾 Common Uses
Veterinarians prescribe buprenorphine to relieve pain caused by:
- Spay/neuter surgeries
- Dental extractions
- Soft tissue injuries or wounds
- Orthopedic procedures
- Chronic arthritis
- Cancer pain
- Severe inflammation (e.g., pancreatitis)
💊 How It Works
Buprenorphine is a partial opioid agonist. This means it binds to the same receptors in the brain as other opioids, reducing the perception of pain, but with fewer risks of respiratory depression compared to stronger opioids like morphine.
It’s fast-acting and long-lasting in cats, making it especially useful for post-op care and short-term pain management.
🧪 Administration
The most common formulation for cats is Buprenex®, given in one of two ways:
- Transmucosal (oral cavity)
- Squirted into the cheek pouch or under the tongue
- Absorbed through mucous membranes (do not swallow)
- Takes effect within 30–60 minutes
- Duration: ~6–12 hours
- Injectable (administered by vet)
- Given under the skin (subcutaneously) or into muscle
- Usually part of surgical or in-clinic pain protocols
⚠️ Side Effects
Buprenorphine is generally well tolerated, but side effects can include:
- Sedation or sleepiness
- Pupil dilation
- Slight euphoria (your cat may act a little “off”)
- Drooling or lip licking
- Decreased appetite
- Nausea or vomiting (rare)
- Slow breathing (rare, mostly with overdose)
Most side effects are mild and temporary. If your cat seems extremely lethargic, has trouble breathing, or becomes unusually agitated, contact your vet immediately.
🚫 Precautions
- Not recommended for cats with severe liver disease, as it’s metabolized by the liver.
- Use cautiously in older cats with chronic kidney disease or other organ issues.
- Don’t give it with other sedatives or CNS depressants unless directed.
- Never use buprenorphine prescribed for humans. Dosing is very different and can be dangerous.
🩺 Prognosis
When used as directed, buprenorphine is safe and effective for managing pain in cats. It’s one of the most common take-home medications after veterinary procedures and plays an essential role in keeping cats comfortable during recovery.
💡 Cat Owner Note
If your cat is coming home from surgery or recovering from an injury, don’t be surprised if your vet hands you a tiny bottle of buprenorphine with a syringe and says, “Just squirt this into their cheek twice a day.” It may look intimidating, but it’s one of the gentlest ways to help your cat feel better fast.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions About Buprenorphine in Cats
Is buprenorphine safe for cats?
Yes, when prescribed and dosed by a veterinarian. It’s widely used in feline medicine and has a strong safety profile.
How do I give buprenorphine to my cat?
The liquid is usually given inside the cheek or under the tongue. Don’t worry if your cat swallows a little, but the best absorption is through the mucous membranes.
How long does buprenorphine last in cats?
Typically 6–12 hours, depending on the dose and your cat’s metabolism.
What if my cat seems out of it or extra sleepy?
Mild sedation is normal, but if your cat is unresponsive, having trouble breathing, or seems confused or agitated, call your vet right away.
Can I use buprenorphine long-term?
In some cases, yes, especially for chronic pain conditions. However, your vet will monitor for tolerance, side effects, and organ function if long-term use is needed.
Can buprenorphine be compounded into a flavored liquid?
Yes, some pharmacies offer compounded versions to make it easier to give, but absorption may vary. Always check with your vet before switching formulations.
Can I give my cat buprenorphine prescribed for humans?
Absolutely not. The concentrations and dosing are very different and could be fatal. Only use veterinary-prescribed medication.