What It Is:
Apoquel (oclacitinib) is a prescription medication used to treat itching and inflammation caused by allergies in dogs. While Apoquel is not FDA approved for use in cats, some veterinarians prescribe it off label to manage itching, allergic dermatitis, or inflammatory skin conditions in cats who do not respond well to other treatments.
Because research in cats is limited, Apoquel should only be used under direct veterinary supervision and with a clear understanding of the potential risks and benefits.
🐾 What It Treats
When prescribed off label for cats, Apoquel may be used to manage:
- Environmental allergies (atopy)
- Food allergies
- Flea allergy dermatitis
- Itching without an identified cause
- Inflammatory skin conditions that have not responded to steroids
It is typically considered when other medications cause side effects or fail to control the itching.
🧪 How It Works
Apoquel works by blocking Janus kinase (JAK) enzymes, which are part of the pathway that triggers itching and inflammation in allergic reactions. By interrupting this signal, Apoquel reduces the urge to scratch and helps control skin irritation without using steroids.
In dogs, it acts quickly — often within four to twenty four hours. In cats however, response time and dosing may vary.
🐾 Dosage and Administration
Because Apoquel is not officially approved for cats, dosing is off label and must be tailored by a veterinarian.
General guidelines:
- Given once or twice daily, depending on response and severity
- Comes in tablet form and must be given orally
- May be given with or without food
- Do not adjust dosage without veterinary instruction
- Do not substitute for other medications without approval
Cats may be more sensitive to medications than dogs, so close monitoring is essential.
🔍 Side Effects and Precautions
While most cats tolerate Apoquel well, side effects may include:
- Vomiting or diarrhea
- Decreased appetite
- Lethargy
- Increased susceptibility to infections
- Potential bone marrow suppression at high doses or long term use
Apoquel is not recommended for cats with:
- A history of cancer
- Ongoing infections
- Weak immune systems
- Kittens under twelve months of age
Bloodwork may be recommended before and during treatment to monitor for side effects.
🩺 Prognosis
When used appropriately, Apoquel can be a valuable tool for managing chronic itching in cats:
- Many cats show improvement within a few days
- Long term use may require regular monitoring
- If side effects occur, your vet may recommend reducing the dose or switching medications
Some cats may require combination therapy, such as diet changes or additional allergy medications.
💡 Cat Owner Note
If your cat has been scratching nonstop and nothing seems to work, your vet might suggest Apoquel as an off label option. While not officially approved for cats, it can be helpful in certain cases, but it needs to be used carefully. Always follow your vet’s instructions, and check in if you notice anything unusual.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions About Apoquel for Cats
Is Apoquel safe for cats?
It is not officially approved for cats, but some vets prescribe it off label. Safety depends on the dose, health status, and monitoring.
How quickly does Apoquel work in cats?
In some cases, cats show improvement within a few days, but response varies.
Can I give my cat Apoquel prescribed for my dog?
No. Never give a cat dog medication without veterinary approval. Doses and sensitivities are different.
Are there alternatives to Apoquel for cats?
Yes. Options include steroids, antihistamines, Atopica, diet trials, and allergy testing.
Can Apoquel cure my cat’s allergies?
No. Apoquel manages symptoms but does not cure the underlying allergy.
Does Apoquel have long term side effects in cats?
Research is limited. Long term use may carry risks, so regular checkups are important.